Exploring the topological patterns of urban street networks from analytical and visual perspectives The topological patterns of urban street networks.

This is the foundation for Jazz in the ‘60’s - an ‘art’ driven music, an enriched harmonic vocabulary, and a redefined underling pulse. The ‘60’s took two paths. The first was a continuation of the evolutionary pattern of using preexisting styles and patterns: a maintenance of functional harmony, exploration within the limitations of these styles and performance practices, a division of labor between the rhythm section and ‘front line’, and a regular and reoccurring accented pulse. The second was a disintegration of the structural background of the music: an intentional assault on the rigidity of the historical framework, a replacement by a new system of order to fill the vacancy left by the assault on this framework, a growing interest in other musical systems, a new attempt to synthesize Jazz and the Contemporary European Fine Art Tradition [already 50 years into its own revolution]. These two paths provided opportunity for a stylistic diversity unprecedented in the history of Jazz. Again, the evolutionary and revolutionary appear, not as a matter of emphasis, but as two simultaneous occurrences - it is the revolutionary which is most obviously revealed in the elements of Jazz ...»