QUANTUM MECHANICAL EFFECTS ON MOSFET SCALING LIMIT. Challenges and Opportunies for Nanoscale CMOS

The observer thus became involved in establishing physical reality. The scientist was losing the spectatorБЂ™s role and becoming an active participant in the system under study. With the development of quantum mechanics, the role of the observer became an even more central part of physical theory, an essential component in defining an event. The mind of the observer emerged as a necessary element in the structure of the theory. The implications of the developing paradigm greatly surprised early quantum physicists and led them to study epistemology and the philosophy of science. Never before in scientific history, to my knowledge, had all the leading contributors produced books and papers expounding the philosophical and humanistic meaning of their results. Werner Heisenberg, one of the founders of the new physics, became deeply involved in the issues of philosophy and humanism. In Philosophical Problems of Quantum Physics, he wrote of physicists having to renounce thoughts of an objective time scale common to all observers, and of events in time and space that are independent of our ability to observe them ...»